Git Interview Questions and Answers

Git is a most famous implementation of a distributed version control system. It originates from the Linux kernel improvement and was founded in 2005 by way of Linus Torvalds. Nowadays it is used by many famous open supply projects, e.g., the Android or the Eclipse developer groups, in addition to many business organizations.

Git is a version control system (VCS) for tracking modifications in pc documents and coordinating work on those files amongst more than one human. It is mainly used for source code management in software development but it is able to be used to keep track of modifications in any set of documents or files.

• Free and open source
• High availability
• Data redundancy and replication
• Only one.git directory per repository
• Superior disk utilization and network performance
• Collaboration friendly
• Any sort of projects can use git.

A Git repository incorporates the records of a set of files beginning from a certain directory. The manner of copying a current Git repository via the Git tooling is referred to as cloning. After cloning a repository, the consumer has the whole repository with its records on his local device. Git additionally supports the creation of new repositories.

• Bitbucket
• Beanstalk
• GitHub
• Assembla
• CloudForge
• Codebase
• Fog Creek Kiln
• GitLab
• RhodeCode
• planio
• Perforce
• Microsoft Visual Studio Team Services

The staging area is the place to store changes in the working tree before the commit. The staging area contains a snapshot of the changes in the working tree (changed or new files) relevant to create the next commit and stores their mode (file type, executable bit).

The working tree contains the set of working files for the repository. You can modify the content and commit the changes as new commits to the repository.

 git rebase [new-commit]

 Git is a version control system which tracks the changes whilst running with system codes at the same time as GitHub is a Web-primarily based Git version manage repository web hosting carrier. It affords all the distributed version control and supply code management functionalities of Git whilst topping it with a few of its very own functions.

Version control systems are a form of software program tools that assist software builder’smange his modifications to source code over time. Version control software continues tune of each change to the code in a special sort of database. Developers can flip back the clock if essential and examine earlier versions of the code to help fix the error even as minimizing disruption to all group members.

DVCS (Distributed Version Control System) is a version control system that operates on a distributed hardware principle or, in some different distributed computing systems, like a digital network

To revert to a previous commit, ignoring any changes:

git reset — hard HEAD

where HEAD is the last commit in your current branch

SubGit is a tool for SVN to Git migration. It creates a writable Git mirror of a local or remote Subversion repository and uses both Subversion and Git as long as you like.

Conflict arises when the commit that has to be merged has some alternate in a single PLACE, and the current dedicate additionally has a change on the same place.

To know if a branch has been merged into master or not you can use the below commands:

git branch –merged It lists the branches that have been merged into the current branch.

git branch –no-merged It lists the branches that have not been merged.

Commit object contains the following components

• A set of files or records, representing the state of a project at a given point of time
• Reference to parent commit objects
• A SHAI name, a 40-character string that uniquely identifies the commit object.

The main difference is Git vs SVN debate boils down to this: Git is a distributed version control system (DVCS), whereas SVN is a centralized version control system.

Stashing takes the dirty state of your operating DIRECTORY, this is, your changed tracked documents and staged adjustments and saves it on a stack of unfinished adjustments that you can reapply at any time.

Git commit with option “a” adds all tracked files to the staging area and commits them in one step. It implicitly runs git add command with -a option and hence we can skip git add.

 git daemon –export-all –base-path=$(pwd)

Working directory:This directory where all your project files and folders reside (along with the. git folder).

staging area:It is a hypothetical layer which sits on top of the last commit’s layer. When you run the “git commit” command the 2 layers gets merged.

.git directory:It is basically like your git repo’s database.